git(mek) = (to) go
gel(mek) = (to) come
yap(mak) = (to) do
getir(mek) = (to) bring
götür(mek) = (to) take , take away, carry
uyu(mak) = (to) sleep

(Ben)Gid-er-mi-y-im?
(Sen)Gid-er-mi-sin?
(O)Gid-er-mi?
(Biz)Gid-er-mi-y-iz?
(Siz)Gid-er-mi-siniz?
(Onlar)Gid-er-(ler)-mi?
(p.s. : We said, if you add a suffix to the words ending with “t” it becomes “d” in the previous lesson. “Git-” became “Gid-” because we added a suffix starts with a vowel.)

(Ben)Gel-ir-mi-y-im?
(Sen)Gel-ir-mi-sin?
(O)Gel-ir-mi?
(Biz)Gel-ir-mi-yiz?
(Siz)Gel-ir-mi-siniz?
(Onlar)Gel-ir-(ler)-mi?

(Ben)Yap-ar-mı-y-ım?
(Sen)Yap-ar-mı-sın?
(O)Yap-ar-mı?
(Biz)Yap-ar-mı-yız?
(Siz)Yap-ar-mı-sınız?
(Onlar)Yap-ar-(lar)-mı?

(Ben)Getir-ir-mi-yim?
(Sen)Getir-ir-mi-sin?
(O)Getir-ir-mi?
(Biz)Getir-ir-mi-yiz?
(Siz)Getir-ir-mi-siniz?
(Onlar)Getir-ir-(ler)-mi?

(Ben)Götür-ür-mü-yüm?
(Sen)Götür-ür-mü-sün?
(O)Götür-ür-mü?
(Biz)Götür-ür-mü-yüz?
(Siz)Götür-ür-mü-sünüz?
(Onlar)Götür-ür-ler-mi?

(Ben)Uyu-r-mu-yum?
(Sen)Uyu-r-mu-sun?
(O)Uyu-r-mu?
(Biz)Uyu-r-mu-yuz?
(Siz)Uyu-r-mu-sunuz?
(Onlar)Uyu-r-(lar)-mı?

As you can see, vowels in the suffixes change according to the previous vowels.

- Shortly we add “-mı”, “-mi”, “-mu”, “-mü” to the verb and then we add personal suffixes Remember the personal suffixes we’ve learned in 9th Lesson – Geniş Zaman (Simple Present Tense) – Positive Sentence Structure

Previous Lesson – Geniş Zaman 2 (Simple Present Tense 2) – Negative Sentence Structure

Merhaba

Dialogue is the best way to know each other

• Merhaba! -Hello!
• Merhaba! -Hi!
• Nasılsın! -How are you?
• İyiyim. Sen nasılsın! -Fine. And you?
• Ben de iyiyim. -I am fine, too.
• Sonra görüşürüz! -See you, later.
• Görüşürüz! – See you.

Teşekkür ederim!

• Teşekkür ederim. -Thank you!
• Birşey değil. -Sure.(You’re welcome!)

Afedersiniz!

• Afedersiniz! “A Bank” nerede? -I’m sory! Where is the “A Bank”?
• Köşede. Postanenin yanında. – On the corner. Next to the Post Office.
• Teşekkürler. -Thanks.
• Birşey değil! -You’re welcome.

Özür dilerim!

• Özür dilerim! -I’m sorry.(Used when you didn’t do something bad, on purpose)
• Önemli değil! -That’s ok. (No problem.)

Nerelisin?

• Afedersin. Yabancı mısın? -I’m sorry are you a foreigner?
• Evet. Yabancıyım. -Yes. I am a foreigner.
• Nerelisin? -Where are you from?
• İspanyalıyım. (veya İspanyolum.) – I am from Spain.(or I am Spanish.)
• Sen nerelisin? -Where are you from?
• Ben buralıyım, Türküm. -I am from here, I am Turkish.

That’s all for now. See you later.

git(mek) = (to) go
gel(mek) = (to) come
yap(mak) = (to) do
getir(mek) = (to) bring
götür(mek) = (to) take , take away, carry
uyu(mak) = (to) sleep

Ben git-me-m.
Sen git-me-(z)-sin.
O git-me-(z).
Biz git-me-(y)iz.
Siz git-me-(z)-sin-iz.
Onlar git-me-(z)-(ler).
(p.s. : We said, if you add a suffix to the words ending with “t” it becomes “d” in the previous lesson. If this suffix starts with a consonant, “t” will not change, like above.)

Ben gel-me-m.
Sen gel-mez-sin.
O gel-mez.
Biz gel-me-(y)-iz.
Siz gel-mez-sin-iz.
Onlar gel-mez-(ler).

Ben yap-ma-m.
Sen yap-maz-sın.
O yap-maz.
Biz yap-ma-(y)-ız.
Siz yap-maz-sın-ız.
Onlar yap-maz-(lar).

Ben getir-me-m.
Sen getir-mez-sin.
O getir-mez.
Biz getir-me-(y)-iz.
Siz getir-mez-sin-iz.
Onlar getir-mez-(ler).

Ben götür-me-m.
Sen götür-mez-sin.
O götür-mez.
Biz götür-me-(y)iz.
Siz götür-mez-sin-iz.
Onlar götür-mez-(ler).

Ben uyu-ma-m.
Sen uyu-maz-sın.
O uyu-maz.
Biz uyu-ma-(y)-ız.
Siz uyu-maz-sın-ız.
Onlar uyu-maz-(lar).

As you can see, vowels in the suffixes change according to the previous vowels.

- “-ma” (in case the previous vowel is a , ı , o , u) , “-me” (in case the previous vowel is e , i , ö , ü) are the root suffixes for making a sentence negative.

♣ For personal pronouns, total suffixes will be like below for simple present tense;

– Ben “-mam” or “-mem”
– Sen “-mazsın” or “mezsin”
– O “-maz” or “-mez”
– Biz “-mayız” or “-meyiz”
– Siz “-mazsınız” or “-mezsiniz”
– Onlar “-maz(lar)” or “-mez(ler)”

After “-ma” the rest of the suffixes will take “ı” as vowels. (yap-maz-sın-ız)

After “-me” the rest of the suffixes will take “i” as vowels. (gel-mez-sin-iz)

That is a little bit easier then positive sentences I think…

Previous Lesson – Geniş Zaman (Simple Present Tense) – Positive Sentence Structure | Next Lesson – Geniş Geniş Zaman 3 (Simple Present Tense 3) – Question Sentence Structure

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git(mek) = (to) go
gel(mek) = (to) come
yap(mak) = (to) do
getir(mek) = (to) bring
götür(mek) = (to) take , take away, carry
uyu(mak) = (to) sleep

(I think that’s enough for now. I tried to write the verbs with all different vowels.)

Ben gid-(e)r-im.
Sen gid-(e)r-sin.
O gid-(e)r.
Biz gid-(e)r-iz.
Siz gid-(e)r-sin-iz.
Onlar gid-(e)r-(ler).
(p.s. : If you add a suffix to the words ending with “t” it becomes “d” like above.)
Ben gel-(i)r-im.
Sen gel-(i)r-sin.
O gel-(i)r.
Biz gel-(i)r-iz.
Siz gel-(i)r-sin-iz.
Onlar gel-(i)r-(ler).

Ben yap-(a)r-ım.
Sen yap-(a)r-sın.
O yap-(a)r.
Biz yap-(a)r-ız.
Siz yap-(a)r-sın-ız.
Onlar yap-(a)r-(lar).

Ben getir-(i)r-im.
Sen getir-(i)r-sin.
O getir-(i)r.
Biz getir-(i)r-iz.
Siz getir-(i)r-sin-iz.
Onlar getir-(i)r-(ler).

Ben götür-(ü)r-üm.
Sen götür-(ü)r-sün.
O götür-(ü)r.
Biz götür-(ü)r-üz.
Siz götür-(ü)r-sün-üz.
Onlar götür-(ü)r-(ler).

Ben uyu-()r-um.
Sen uyu-()r-sun.
O uyu-()r.
Biz uyu-()r-uz.
Siz uyu-()r-sun-uz.
Onlar uyu-()r-(lar).

As you can see, vowels in the suffixes change according to the previous vowels.

- Here (x)r is the suffix for Geniş Zaman.

After “a” in the root of the verb, x will be “a” or “ı”. (yap-(a)r-ım, al-(ı)r-ım)

After “e” in the root of the verb, x will be “e” or “i”. (gel-(i)r-im, sev-(e)r-im)

After “ı” in the root of the verb, x will be “a”. (yık-(a)r-ım (to destroy))

After “i” in the root of the verb, x will be “e”. (gid-(e)r-im)

After “o” in the root of the verb, x will be “a”. (sor-(a)r-ım (to ask))

After “ö” in the root of the verb, x will be “ü” or “e”. (öl-(ü)r-üm (to die), ör-(e)r-im (to knit))

After “u” in the root of the verb, x will be “a”. (tut-(a)r-ım (to hold, to keep , to grab, to catch))

After “ü” in the root of the verb, x will be “e”. (üz-(e)r-im (to agitate))

If verb ends with a vowel, there will be no need for another vowel, just put an “r”. Yürü-r-üm(to walk); ye-r-im(to eat); oku-r-um(to read).

- And the second seperations are for describing personal pronouns.

If the previous vowels are “a” or “ı” it will be “ı”; yap-(a)r-(ı)m, al-(ı)r-(ı)m

If the previous vowels are “e”, “i” it will be “i”, gel-(i)r-(i)m, sev-(e)r-(i)m

If the previous vowels are “o”, “u” it will be “u”, oku-()r-(u)m, no example for “o” (because, no such verb we have in Turkish).

If the previous vowels are “ö”, “ü” it will be “ü”, öl-(ü)r-(ü)m, no example for “ö”.

p.s. : These are also valid for other person suffixes as you can see above in the example sentences…

I hope you can solve this puzzle

Previous Lesson – Cümle Yapısı (Sentence Structure) | Next Lesson – Geniş Zaman 2 (Simple Present Tense 2) – Negative Sentence Structure

Örnek ( Example) :
(positive sentences)
Ali at-a bak. (Ali, look at the horse.)
Ali top-u tut. (Ali, catch the ball.)
Ali ev-e gel. (Ali, come home.)
Ali okul-a git. (Ali, go to school.)

(negative sentences : there are several types of making a sentence negative, here is one.)
Ali at-a bak-ma. (Ali, don’t look at the horse.)
Ali top-u tut-ma. (Ali, don’t catch the ball.)
Ali eve gel-me. (Ali, don’t come home.)
Ali okul-a git-me. (Ali, don’t go to school.)

Sentences above are Imperative sentences, with no tense. So verbs doesn’t take any suffixes, but negative ones. -me, -ma at the end of the verb gives a negative meaning. (do not)

Some question sentences with past tense:
Ali at-a bak-tı mı? (Did Ali look at the horse?)
Ali top-u tut-tu mu? (Did Ali catch the ball?)
Ali ev-e gel-di mi? (Did Ali come home?)
Ali okul-a git-ti mi? (Did Ali go to school?)

Here -dı, -di, -du, -dü, -tı, -ti, -tu, -tü makes the sentence past tense, we will talk about later.
And mı, mi, mu, mü (they are written seperate) makes it question.

As you can see here objects are not used alone. All of them has a suffix. According to the words and accorting to the verbs, objects cant take different suffixes. That’s all for now. See you in the next lesson. Before I mentioned about the tenses, I thought it would be better to explain the structure. So, next lesson will be Geniş Zaman (Simple Present Tense), see you then… Previous Lesson – Günaydın! (Good Morning!) | Next Lesson – Geniş Zaman (Simple Present Tense)

- Wake up! I am snoring!
- God damn you Sait!

- Günaydın efendim! Nasılsınız? (Good morning sir! How are you?)

- İyiyim teşekkür ederim. Siz nasılsınız? (I am fine, thank you. How are you?)

- İyiyim bende. (I am fine, too.) Kahvaltı için ne alırsınız? (What do you want[take,get] for breakfast?)

- Sahanda yumurta, ekmek ve süt, lütfen. (Fried egg, bread and milk, please.)

- Tamam efendim. Hemen dönerim. (Ok sir. I’ll be right back.)

Some expressions that are used for greeting, according to time;

• Günaydın = Good morning
• Tünaydın = Good afternoon ( Actually we don’t use these much! We use İyi günler! instead.)
• İyi günler = Have a nice day
• İyi akşamlar = Good evenings
• İyi geceler = Good nights

That’s it for now. See you in the next lesson which is about sentence structure in Turkish (Cümle yapısı).Previous Lesson – Merhaba! (Hello!) | Next Lesson – Cümle Yapısı (Sentence Structure) (Günaydın!)

Merhaba!

One guy Ali, and one girl Elif meet somewhere. They don’t know each other, but they want to be friends. So they start talking…

Ali : Merhaba! (Hello!)
Ayşe : Merhaba! (Hi!) (While saying “merhaba” you can say it like “meraba”)

Ali : Nasılsın? (How are you?)
Ayşe : İyiyim sağol. Sen nasılsın? (Fine thanks, and you?)

Ali : Ben de iyiyim. Teşekkür ederim. Adın ne? (I am fine, too. Thank you. What’s your name?)
Ayşe : Ayşe. Senin? (Ayşe. Yours?) [or "Senin adın ne?" = "What's your name?")

Ali : Benim adım Ali. (My name is Ali.)
Ayşe : Tanıştığımıza memnun oldum Ali. Ama şimdi gitmeliyim. Sonra görüşürüz. (Nice to meet you Ali. But I need to go now. See you later.)

Ali : Ben de memnun oldum. Umarım yine görüşürüz. (Nice to meet you, too. I hope we meet again.)
Ayşe : Hoşçakal! (Good bye!)
Ali : Hoşçakal! (Good bye!)

Verbs used in this dialogue (Diyalogda geçen fiiller):
1. teşekkür et(mek) : (to) thank
Usage according to persons in simple tense (Şimdiki zamanda kişilere göre kullanımı):
- (Ben) teşekkür eder-im. = (I thank)
- (Sen) teşekkür eder-sin. = (You thank)
- (O) teşekkür eder. = (He, she, it thanks)
- (Biz) teşekkür eder-iz. = (We thank)
- (Siz) teşekkür eder-sin-iz. = (You thank)
- (Onlar) teşekkür eder(ler). = (They thank)

2. görüş(mek) = (to) see each other, meet, visit each other, negotiate, discuss, talk over, interview, keep in touch...
Şimdiki zamanda kişilere göre kullanımı;
- (Ben) [birileriyle] görüşürüm. = (I see [s.o.])
– (Sen) [onunla] görüşürsün. = (You see [him. her])
– (O) [babasıyla] görüşür. = (He, she, it meets [with his, her father])
– (Biz) görüşürüz. = (We see each other. Also means “see you”)
– (Siz) [O konuyu sonra] görüşürsünüz. = (You discuss [that topic later])
– (Onlar) görüşür(ler). = (They visit each other.)

As you can see a verb can mean different actions according to the situation you use it. But the suffixes always the same in the same tenses.

In this lesson we have a liitle conversation and then two verbs’ usage according to personal pronouns in the simple tense(simple tense = “basit zaman” but we use “geniş zaman” for this term ). To organize personal pronouns;

• Ben = I
• Sen = You
• O = He, She, It
• Biz = We
• Siz = You
• Onlar = They

In the next lesson we will have journey through a day. 7th lesson will be Günaydın! (Good morning!) We will learn some expressions which you can use when you meet someone according to time in the day. See you then. Görüşürüz…
Previous Lesson – Numbers(2) | Next Lesson – Günaydın! (Good Morning!)

In the previous lesson we learned the numbers and now we’ll do some exercise…

• 16 = On altı
• 27 = Yirmi yedi
• 35 = Otuz beş
• 42 = Kırk iki
• 58 = Elli sekiz
• 63 = Altmış üç (P.s. : While pronouncing “Altmış” you can say it like “Atmış”)
• 74 = Yetmiş dört
• 81 = Seksen bir
• 99 = Doksan dokuz

• 153 = Yüz elli üç
• 276 = İki yüz yetmiş altı
• 328 = Üç yüz yirmi sekiz
• 407 = Dört yüz yedi
• 501 = Beş yüz bir
• 666 = Altı yüz altmış altı
• 734 = Yedi yüz otuz dört
• 888 = Sekiz yüz seksen sekiz
• 930 = Dokuz yüz otuz

• 1002 = Bin iki
• 2054 = İki bin elli dört
• 3567 = Üç bin beş yüz altmış yedi
• 4910 = Dört bin dokuz yüz on
• 5300 = Beş bin üç yüz
• 6201 = Altı bin iki yüz bir
• 7080 = Yedi bin seksen
• 8239 = Sekiz bin iki yüz otuz dokuz
• 9999 = Dokuz bin dokuz yüz doksan dokuz
• 12.030 = On iki bin otuz
• 37.001 = Otuz yedi bin bir
• 199.042 = Yüz doksan dokuz bin kırk iki
• 1.000.040 = Bir milyon kırk
• 999.999.999 = Dokuz yüz doksan dokuz milyon dokuz yüz doksan dokuz bin dokuz yüz doksan dokuz
• 1.000.000.000 = Bir milyar

Here is your assignment
Write the numbers below in Turkish:

• 345
• 8098
• 62.114
• 985.100
• 6.767.976
• 2.456.897.967

I think that’s enough for now.

With the next lesson we’re starting the Daily Stuff, the expressions or words that you can use in the daily life. Also we will start the grammar basicly with these lessons. That’s it for now. See you in the next class. 6th Lesson will be Merhaba! (Hello!) Previous Lesson – Numbers | Next lesson – Merhaba! (Hello!)

0 Sıfır
1 Bir
2 İki
3 Üç
4 Dört
5 Beş
6 Altı
7 Yedi
8 Sekiz
9 Dokuz

10 On – 20 Yirmi – 30 Otuz – 40 Kırk – 50 Elli – 60 Altmış – 70 Yetmiş – 80 Seksen – 90 Doksan

100 Yüz – 200 İki yüz – 300 Üç yüz – 400 Dört yüz – 500 Beş yüz – 600 Altı yüz – 700 Yedi yüz – 800 Sekiz yüz – 900 Dokuz yüz (I think you understand the system )

1000 Bin – 2000 İki bin – 3000 Üç bin – … – 9000 Dokuz bin

10000 On bin – 20000 Yirmi bin – 30000 Otuz bin – … – 90000 Doksan bin

100.000 Yüz bin – 200.000 İki yüz bin – 300.000 Üç yüz bin – … 900.000 Dokuz yüz bin

1.000.000 Bir milyon – 2.000.000 İki milyon – … – (6 zeros means milyon, so you can read the first part as above then you add milyon.)

1.000.000.000 Bir milyar – … (This has the same rule as milyon.)

In the next lesson we will go on with more complex numbers. Previous Lesson – Months & Seasons | Next Lesson – Numbers(2)